Conceptual Framework for Economic Development and Human Development in Mexico
José Antonio Villalobos-López *
Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Escuela Superior de Economia, México.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Economic growth is the increase in per capita income greater than the increase in the population rate, which is achieved on a permanent basis and which is closely linked to the increase in productivity. Economic development is the next step and is achieved when there is economic growth, which is achieved together with better and better living conditions for the population, in terms of food, education, health, housing, social and public security. According to the most recent information of the Human Development Index (HDI), published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP (2020), Mexico ranks 74th, below countries such as the United States (17); Spain (26); Chile (43); Argentina (46); Costa Rica, and above Peru, Colombia, Brazil and Ecuador in this indicator. Mexico City has an HDI equivalent to that of Greece, which is 32nd in the world. The territorial districts of Benito Juárez and Miguel Hidalgo, in Mexico City, have an HDI equivalent to that of Japan, which ranks 20th in the world.
Keywords: Economic development, human development, poverty, development theory