Journal of Economics, Management and Trade

The African business environment presents unique opportunities to study supply chain resilience due to its diverse economic structures, varying levels of technological adoption, and distinct risk profiles that differ significantly from developed markets. Recent global disruptions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, trade tensions, and climate-related events, have highlighted the critical importance of proactive risk management strategies in maintaining business continuity and competitive advantage. This study employs advanced econometric modelling to quantify the relationship between supply chain risk management (SCRM) strategies and business performance across 847 organisations in 23 African countries over a three-year period (2022-2024). Using fixed effects panel regression, instrumental variables, and machine learning techniques, we establish causal relationships between specific SCRM practices and performance metrics. Results demonstrate that a one standard deviation increase in SCRM intensity correlates with 23.4% improvement in ROA (β=2.34, p<0.001), 47.8% reduction in supply disruption frequency (β=-0.478, p<0.001), and 18.7% increase in customer satisfaction scores (β=1.87, p<0.01). The quantitative framework identifies optimal SCRM investment thresholds and provides precise estimates of risk mitigation returns, with technology-enabled SCRM strategies showing 2.3× higher performance impact than traditional approaches. The findings demonstrate that strategic investments in supply chain risk management, particularly when supported by appropriate technology adoption and infrastructure development, can generate substantial returns for organisations, stakeholders, and societies across African markets.