Availability of Green Skilled Labour for Sustainable Building Development in Nigeria
Comfort Olubunmi Ade-Ojo *
Quantity Surveying Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Israel Paul Stephen
Quantity Surveying Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study examined the availability of green-skilled labour for sustainable building development in Nigeria, with specific emphasis on construction firms operating in Eti-Osa Local Government Area, Lagos State. The research addressed the nature, accessibility and competency profile of skilled trades required to support sustainable construction practices. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The study focused on 36 sustainable and conventional construction firms registered in the study area between June and September 2024. A purposive sample of 180 professionals, comprising project managers, quantity surveyors, human resource officers, builders and engineers, was selected. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that assessed 15 skilled trade categories and relevant competency dimensions using a five-point Likert scale. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, mean item score and Pearson's correlation analysis. The results showed that specialised knowledge and technical expertise were the most prominent characteristics of skilled labour, while certification, continuous learning, collaboration, safety compliance, adaptability and flexibility remained comparatively weak. The correlation matrix revealed positive associations among continuous learning, certification and problem-solving, but negative relationships between manual dexterity and progressive green competencies. Trade-level analysis identified three main clusters: baseline artisans, specialised systems technicians and secondary or finishing trades. Although traditional trades such as masons, carpenters, plumbers and welders were relatively available, trades linked to building automation, HVAC systems and other smart technologies showed lower workforce capacity. Finishing trades also demonstrated weak levels of certification and continuous learning. The study concludes that Nigeria's construction workforce is technically experienced but insufficiently aligned with the competency requirements of sustainable building delivery. Targeted vocational training, industry collaboration, certification support and technology-oriented upskilling are therefore needed to improve labour readiness for sustainable construction.
Keywords: Green-skilled labour, sustainable building development, construction workforce, labour availability, skill competencies, green construction, vocational training, workforce capacity, Building Automation System Technicians, HVAC technicians, Nigeria, sustainable construction